PROTECTING WISCONSIN'S BIODIVERSITY

 
 
   
 
Scientific Name Common Name Global Rank State Rank Federal Status WI Status

Wolf's Bluegrass (Poa wolfii)

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Photo by USDA-NRCS

 

Counties with Mapped NHI Occurrences

Wolf's Bluegrass (Poa wolfii), a Wisconsin Special Concern plant, is found in mesic to dry-mesic woods. Blooming occurs from late-May through June, fruiting July through August. The optimal identification period for this species is early-June through August.

 
 
 

Wolf's bluegrass is a graminoid, 4-9dm tall, with an open, somewhat nodding, ovate 8-15cm-long panicle with spikelets clustered toward branch tips. It branches are usually in fours. Its spikelets are solitary with 2-4 fertile florets, ovate and laterally compressed, 5-6mm long. Floret callus is wooly. Caryopsis have adherent pericarp, hilum (scar on seed showing the point of attachment) is punctate. Leaves are mostly basal, blades are 5-10cm long, 1-2mm wide, apex is abruptly acute, the sheaths are scaberulous, glabrous on the surface. Ligule is an eciliate membrane.

Distinguishing characteristics include the marginal veins of of the lemma being pubescent, at least toward base, the lower panicle branches being in sets of fours, rarely solitary as opposed to branches in sets of 5 or more and the lemmas distinctly 5-veined as opposed to 3-veined.

Blooming occurs from late-May through June, fruiting July through August.

Perennial. The optimal identification period for this species is early-June through September.

Associated species include Tsuga canadensis, Acer saccharum, Athyrium filix-femina, Thelypteris phegopteris, Carex arctata, C intumescens, Onoclea sensibilis, and Equisetum arvense.

Wolf's bluegrass prefers stream bottom or wetland soils and is found in mesic to dry-mesic woods.

Avoid known individual plant locations and conduct operations elsewhere when they are least likely to cause damage. Ideally, this would involve frozen, snow-covered ground. However, in areas of the state where frozen conditions are unreliable, very dry soils late in the growing season might be the best available alternative. Consult with a biologist, if needed.

Avoid broadcast spraying of herbicides and use care with spot spraying.

Avoid direct disturbance to sensitive microsites such as seeps, cliffs, and moss-covered boulders.

Avoid (moist or dry) cliffs, rocky areas, slopes, outcrops, ridges, or ledges within forests.

Follow BMPs, especially around streams and use care near ravines, steep slopes, cliffs, rock outcrops, etc.

Buffer management around unique microhabitats such as ephemeral ponds, seeps, etc.

This species requires shaded habitat conditions, maintain high forest canopy cover.

Avoid rapid and dramatic reductions in canopy cover and, basal area, in wet areas to reduce risk of swamping.

Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) are associated with habitats (or natural communities) and places on the landscape. Understanding relationships among SGCN, natural communities and ecological landscapes help us make decisions about issues affecting SGCN and their habitat and how to respond. Download the Wildlife Action Plan association score spreadsheet to explore rare species, natural communities and ecological landscape associations

Conservation actions respond to issues or threats, which adversely affect species of greatest conservation need (SGCN) or their habitats. Besides actions such as restoring wetlands or planting resilient tree species in northern communities, research, surveys and monitoring are also among conservation actions described in the Wisconsin Wildlife Action Plan because lack of information can threaten our ability to successfully preserve and care for natural resources.