PROTECTING WISCONSIN'S BIODIVERSITY

 
 
   
 
Scientific Name Common Name Global Rank State Rank Federal Status WI Status

Seaside Spurge (Euphorbia polygonifolia)

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Photo by Emmet Judziewicz

 

Counties with Mapped NHI Occurrences

Seaside Spurge (Euphorbia polygonifolia), a Wisconsin Special Concern plant, is found on sandy beaches and dunes along Lake Michigan. Blooming occurs early-July through late-August, fruiting early-August through early-October. The optimal identification period for this species is early-July through September.

Chamaesyce polygonifolia

 
 
 

Seaside spurge is an prostrate forb with its staminate and pistillate flowers arranged in a "false flower" called a cyathium located near pairs of leaves. Staminate flowers are located around and below the pistillate flower, which is in the center of the cyanthium. Its seeds are plump, smooth, compressed-ovoid, gray, 2-2.6mm, and widely distributed. Its leaves are opposite, linear-oblong to lance-oblong, mostly 8-15mm, entire, and slightly inequalateral at base. Appendages are very small or lacking.

It can be distinguished from Euphorbia species by its absent or barely visible petal-like appendages of the cyathium.

Blooming occurs early-July through late-August, fruiting early-August through early-October.

Annual. The optimal identification period for this species is early-July through late-September.

Associated species include Cakile edentula, Corispermum hyssopifolium, Elymus lanceolatus ssp psammophilus, Ammophila breviligulata, Juncus balticus, Prunus pumila, and Artemisia cuadata.

Seaside spurge is found on sandy beaches and dunes along Lake Michigan.

Avoid broadcast spraying of herbicides and use care with spot spraying.

Because this plant is an annual, work may safely be conducted before the plants emerge or after they have developed mature seeds.

Avoid disturbance to shorelines and the forest-beach interface.

Avoid any activities that destabilize the dune, including the use of off-road vehicles, removal of native vegetation, and pedestrian recreational overuse.

Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) are associated with habitats (or natural communities) and places on the landscape. Understanding relationships among SGCN, natural communities and ecological landscapes help us make decisions about issues affecting SGCN and their habitat and how to respond. Download the Wildlife Action Plan association score spreadsheet to explore rare species, natural communities and ecological landscape associations

Conservation actions respond to issues or threats, which adversely affect species of greatest conservation need (SGCN) or their habitats. Besides actions such as restoring wetlands or planting resilient tree species in northern communities, research, surveys and monitoring are also among conservation actions described in the Wisconsin Wildlife Action Plan because lack of information can threaten our ability to successfully preserve and care for natural resources.