PROTECTING WISCONSIN'S BIODIVERSITY

 
 
   
 
Scientific Name Common Name Global Rank State Rank Federal Status WI Status

Coast Sedge (Carex exilis)

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Photo by Eric Epstein

 

Counties with Mapped NHI Occurrences

Coast Sedge (Carex exilis), a Wisconsin Threatened plant, is found in coastal Great Lakes bog and fen mats, where it can be locally abundant. Blooming occurs late-May through early-June, fruiting early-June through late-July. The optimal identification period for this species is early-June through July.

 
 
 

Coast sedge is a graminoid, 20-70cm tall, with a solitary terminal spike, occasionally with 1-3 smaller accessory spikes, gynecandrous with male portion 1-3mm wide, up to 50-flowered, female portion 5-9.5mm wide with up to 27 flowers. Plants are sometimes unisexual with male and female spikes on different plants. Its spreading to reflexed perigynia are castaneous to dark brown, 15-veined abaxially, faintly 7-veined adaxially, and lanceolate-ovate to broadly ovate. Beak is soft, serrulate with blunt teeth, achenes are ovate. It has 2-6 leaves per culm, sheaths are tight, inner band hyaline, apex concave, and glabrous. Blades are involute, the widest leaf 0.8-1.5mm wide.

Distinguishing characteristics include its densely cespitose habit, its (usually) single terminal spike, widely spreading flattened perigynia with a strongly serrulate beaks, and involute leaves that are 0.8-1.5mm wide.

Rhizomatous. Blooming occurs late-May through early-June, fruiting early-June through late-July.

Perennial. The optimal identification period for this species is early-June through July.

Associated species include Carex michauxiana, C livida, C lasiocarpa, Arethusa bulbosa, Eleocharis robbinsii, Picea mariana, Larix laricina, Rhynchospora alba, R fusca, and Cladium mariscoides.

Coast sedge prefers moist soils and is found in coastal Great Lakes bog and fen mats, where it can be locally abundant.

Avoid known individual plant locations and conduct operations elsewhere when they are least likely to cause damage. Ideally, this would involve frozen, snow-covered ground. However, in areas of the state where frozen conditions are unreliable, very dry soils late in the growing season might be the best available alternative. Consult with a biologist, if needed.

Avoid broadcast spraying of herbicides and use care with spot spraying.

Minimize disturbance to hydrology, including soil disturbance from rutting.

Avoid rapid and dramatic reductions in canopy cover and, basal area, in wet areas to reduce risk of swamping.

Survey for and control invasive plants prior to conducting timber operations, as these can be spread by vehicles and often respond vigorously to increased light. See forestry BMPs for invasive species.

This species is likely sensitive to water quality. Following BMPs around streams and buffering associated drainages will reduce eutrophication and prevent water quality degradation.

Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) are associated with habitats (or natural communities) and places on the landscape. Understanding relationships among SGCN, natural communities and ecological landscapes help us make decisions about issues affecting SGCN and their habitat and how to respond. Download the Wildlife Action Plan association score spreadsheet to explore rare species, natural communities and ecological landscape associations

Conservation actions respond to issues or threats, which adversely affect species of greatest conservation need (SGCN) or their habitats. Besides actions such as restoring wetlands or planting resilient tree species in northern communities, research, surveys and monitoring are also among conservation actions described in the Wisconsin Wildlife Action Plan because lack of information can threaten our ability to successfully preserve and care for natural resources.