Water Detail - Campbell Creek, Duck and Plainville Creeks Watershed (LW25)

Campbell Creek, Duck and Plainville Creeks Watershed (LW25)

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Campbell Creek (1343400)

Size

4.86 Miles

Segment

2.99 - 7.85

Natural Community

Natural communities (stream and lake natural communities) represent model results that use predicted flow and temperature based on landscape features and related assumptions. Ranges of flow and temperature associated with specific aquatic life communities (fish, macroinvertebrates) help biologists identify appropriate resource management goals. Wisconsin Natural Communities.

Coldwater

Year Last Monitored

This is the most recent date of monitoring data stored in SWIMS. Additional surveys for fish and habitat may be available subsequent to this date.

2024

General Condition

Good

County

Adams

Trout Water

Trout Waters are represented by Class I, Class II or Class III waters. These classes have specific ecological characteristics and management actions associated with them. For more information regarding Trout Classifications, see the Fisheries Trout Class Webpages.

Yes

Outstanding or Exceptional

Wisconsin has designated many of the state's highest quality waters as Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs) or Exceptional Resource Waters (ERWs). Waters designated as ORW or ERW are surface waters which provide outstanding recreational opportunities, support valuable fisheries and wildlife habitat, have good water quality, and are not significantly impacted by human activities. ORW and ERW status identifies waters that the State of Wisconsin has determined warrant additional protection from the effects of pollution. These designations are intended to meet federal Clean Water Act obligations requiring Wisconsin to adopt an 'antidegradation' policy that is designed to prevent any lowering of water quality - especially in those waters having significant ecological or cultural value.

Yes

Impaired Water

A water is polluted or 'impaired' if it does not support full use by humans, wildlife, fish and other aquatic life and it is shown that one or more of the pollutant criteria are not met.

Fish and Aquatic Life

Current Use

The use the water currently supports. This is not a designation or classification; it is based on the current condition of the water. Information in this column is not designed for, and should not be used for, regulatory purposes.

Supported Aquatic Life

Waters that support fish and aquatic life communities (healthy biological communities).

Attainable Use

The use that the investigator believes the water could achieve through managing "controllable" sources. Beaver dams, hydroelectric dams, low gradient streams, and naturally occurring low flows are generally not considered controllable. The attainable use may be the same as the current use or it may be higher.

Cold (Class I Trout)

Streams supporting a cold water sport fishery, or serving as a spawning area for salmonids and other cold water fish species through natural reproduction. Representative aquatic life communities, associated with these waters, generally require cold temperatures and concentrations of dissolved oxygen that remain above 6 mg/L. Since these waters are capable of supporting natural reproduction, a minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 7 mg/L is required during times of active spawning and support of early life stages of newly-hatched fish.

Designated Use

This is the water classification legally recognized by NR102 and NR104, Wis. Adm. Code. The classification determines water quality criteria and effluent limits. Waters obtain designated uses through classification procedures.

Cold

Streams capable of supporting a cold water sport fishery, or serving as a spawning area for salmonids and other cold water fish species. Representative aquatic life communities, associated with these waters, generally require cold temperatures and concentrations of dissolved oxygen that remain above 6 mg/L. Since these waters are capable of supporting natural reproduction, a minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 7 mg/L is required during times of active spawning and support of early life stages of newly-hatched fish.

Overview

Campbell Creek is a tributary to White Creek. It is a Class I trout stream upstream from
Easton Lake and is also considered an exceptional resource water (ERW). A small
impoundment on the stream creates Easton Lake. There is siltation in the vicinity of the dam.
Overall, the creek has been ranked as a high priority for nonpoint source pollution reduction.
The dam is in need of repairs. As a result of the impoundment, the water in the creek is
warmed by the reduced flow. This warming and the overall reduction in flow has a negative
impact on fish habitat.

Ripp, Coreen, Koperski, Cindy and Folstad, Jason. 2002. The State of the Lower Wisconsin River Basin.
PUBL WT-559-2002. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI.

Date 2002

Author Cynthia Koperski

Historical Description

Campbell Creek is a tributary to White Creek. It is a Class I trout stream (WDNR,
1980) and is also an considered an exceptional resource water under the states's
antidegradation rules. A small impoundnlent on the stream creates Easton Pond. There
is siltation in the vicinity of the dam (Ironside, 1991). Water below the dam, which is in
need of repairs, is warmed, affecting fish habitat (WDNR, Ironside, 1991).

Date 1994

Author Surface Water Inventory Of Wisconsin

Historical Description

Campbell Creek, T16N, R6E, Section 30 Surface Acres = 5.3, Miles = 4.4, Gradient = 15.4 feet per mile
A clear, medium hard water stream that bows westward and is actually the upper
portion of WlGl-e Creek. Locally arid according to U.S.G.S. maps, it is that part of
White Creek that lies upstream from, east of, the confluence of Fairbanks Creek with
White Creek. Easton Lake is located on the stream and some of the local residents call
that portion above thc lake Reed Creek. Silt and sand are the dominant bottom types. The
entire stream is considered trout water with brown trout being the dominant species and
brook trout present, especially toward the headwater portion. Though not abundant,
largemouth bass and bluegills are present below the dam at Easton. Trout reproduce
naturally and that part of the stream above Easton Lake contains one of the highest
naturally produced population of brown trout in the state. Marsh furbearers are trapped
along the stream, The aerial groundwater survey conducted February, 1963, found the
entire stream devoid of ice cover. There are 1.1 miles of public frontage. Access is
also possible frorn Easton Lake and from several road crossings. There are 14 dwellings
on the stream.

From: Klick, Thomas A. and C.W. Threinen. 1966. Surface Water Resources of Adams County: Lake and Stream Classification Project. Wisconsin Conservation Department, Madison, WI.

Date 1966

Author Surface Water Inventory Of Wisconsin

Campbell Creek, Duck and Plainville Creeks Watershed (LW25) Fish and Aquatic Life

Campbell Creek, Duck and Plainville Creeks Watershed (LW25) Recreation

Campbell Creek, Duck and Plainville Creeks Watershed (LW25) Fish Consumption

General Condition

Campbell Creek (Mouth to 11th Dr (Easton Lake dam)) was assessed during the 2018 listing cycle; new temperature sample data were clearly below the 2018 WisCALM listing thresholds for the Fish and Aquatic Life use. This water was meeting this designated use and was not considered impaired.

Date 2017

Author Ashley Beranek

Condition

Wisconsin has over 84,000 miles of streams, 15,000 lakes and milllions of acres of wetlands. Assessing the condition of this vast amount of water is challenging. The state's water monitoring program uses a media-based, cross-program approach to analyze water condition. An updated monitoring strategy (2015-2020) is now available. Compliance with Clean Water Act fishable, swimmable standards are located in the Executive Summary of Water Condition in 2018. See also the 'monitoring and projects' tab.

Reports

2020 Comprehensive WQ Assessments

2018 List of Healthy (Category 2) Waters

Comprehensive 2018 River/Stream Water Quality Assessments

Comprehensive 2016 Rivers Stream Assessments

Adams County Surface Water Resources 1966

Recommendations

Citizen-Based Stream Monitoring

Collect chemical, physical, and/or biological water quality data to assess the current overall stream health. The data can inform management decisions and may be used to identify impaired waters for biennial lists.

Citizen-Based Stream Monitoring

Habitat Restoration - Instream

test

Dam Safety or Removal

The Easton Lake impoundment on Campbell Creek should be examined to determine if it needs repairs or removal. Fish passage around the dam should be considered if the dam is to be repaired. Money for such as effort could be received through grant programs such as the River Planning Grant.

Runoff Grant

Campbell Creek should be considered for a nonpoint source pollution abatement project such as a TRM grant.

Management Goals

Wisconsin's Water Quality Standards provide qualitative and quantitative goals for waters that are protective of Fishable, Swimmable conditions [Learn more]. Waters that do not meet water quality standards are considered impaired and restoration actions are planned and carried out until the water is once again fishable and swimmable

Management goals can include creation or implementation of a Total Maximum Daily Load analysis, a Nine Key Element Plan, or other restoration work, education and outreach and more. If specific recommendations exist for this water, they will be displayed below online.

Monitoring

Monitoring the condition of a river, stream, or lake includes gathering physical, chemical, biological, and habitat data. Comprehensive studies often gather all these parameters in great detail, while lighter assessment events will involve sampling physical, chemical and biological data such as macroinvertebrates. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish communities integrate watershed or catchment condition, providing great insight into overall ecosystem health. Chemical and habitat parameters tell researchers more about human induced problems including contaminated runoff, point source dischargers, or habitat issues that foster or limit the potential of aquatic communities to thrive in a given area. Wisconsin's Water Monitoring Strategy was recenty updated.

Grants and Management Projects

Project Name (Click for Details)	Year Started
Campbell Creek at Elk Dr.	2010
Campbell Creek at CTH A	2009
Campbell Creek at Cty. Rd.A West of 10th Ave.	2010
ADAMS COUNTY: Adams Co. Outreach	2012
Campbell Creek at STH 13	2009
Fish Propagation Actions	2001

Monitoring Projects

WBIC	Official Waterbody Name	Station ID	Station Name	Earliest Fieldwork Date	Latest Fieldwork Date	View Station	View Data
1343400	Campbell Creek	013190	Campbell Creek at 9th Dr	1/11/2000	9/12/2024	Map	Data
1343400	Campbell Creek	10031296	Campbell Creek at Elk Dr	6/5/2011	10/1/2014	Map	Data
1343400	Campbell Creek	10044249	Campbell Creek Below Habitat Site			Map	Data
1343400	Campbell Creek	10021861	Campbell Creek at Cth A Upstream	5/21/2009	1/1/2015	Map	Data
1343400	Campbell Creek	10031295	Campbell Creek at Cty Rd A W of 10th Ave	6/5/2011	10/1/2014	Map	Data
1343400	Campbell Creek	10021859	Campbell Creek at Cth A Downstream	1/1/2015	7/17/2020	Map	Data

Watershed Characteristics

Campbell Creek is located in the Duck and Plainville Creeks watershed which is 195.09 mi². Land use in the watershed is primarily forest (56.40%), agricultural (25.70%) and a mix of wetland (7.60%) and other uses (10.30%). This watershed has 218.59 stream miles, 339.26 lake acres and 9,551.62 wetland acres.

Nonpoint Source Characteristics

This watershed is ranked Low for runoff impacts on streams, Low for runoff impacts on lakes and High for runoff impacts on groundwater and therefore has an overall rank of High. This value can be used in ranking the watershed or individual waterbodies for grant funding under state and county programs.However, all waters are affected by diffuse pollutant sources regardless of initial water quality. Applications for specific runoff projects under state or county grant programs may be pursued. For more information, go to surface water program grants.

Natural Community

Campbell Creek is considered a Coldwater under the state's Natural Community Determinations.

Natural communities (stream and lake natural communities) represent model results and DNR staff valiation processes that confirm or update predicted conditions based on flow and temperature modeling from historic and current landscape features and related variables. Predicated flow and temperatures for waters are associated predicated fish assemblages (communities). Biologists evaluate the model results against current survey data to determine if the modeled results are corect and whether biological indicators show water quaity degradation. This analysis is a core component of the state's resource management framework. Wisconsin's Riverine Natural Communities.

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