Water Detail - Emmons Creek, Waupaca River Watershed (WR05)

Emmons Creek, Waupaca River Watershed (WR05)

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Emmons Creek (261300)

Size

7.74 Miles

Segment

0 - 7.74

Natural Community

Natural communities (stream and lake natural communities) represent model results that use predicted flow and temperature based on landscape features and related assumptions. Ranges of flow and temperature associated with specific aquatic life communities (fish, macroinvertebrates) help biologists identify appropriate resource management goals. Wisconsin Natural Communities.

Coldwater

Year Last Monitored

This is the most recent date of monitoring data stored in SWIMS. Additional surveys for fish and habitat may be available subsequent to this date.

2024

General Condition

Good

County

Portage, Waupaca

Trout Water

Trout Waters are represented by Class I, Class II or Class III waters. These classes have specific ecological characteristics and management actions associated with them. For more information regarding Trout Classifications, see the Fisheries Trout Class Webpages.

Yes

Outstanding or Exceptional

Wisconsin has designated many of the state's highest quality waters as Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs) or Exceptional Resource Waters (ERWs). Waters designated as ORW or ERW are surface waters which provide outstanding recreational opportunities, support valuable fisheries and wildlife habitat, have good water quality, and are not significantly impacted by human activities. ORW and ERW status identifies waters that the State of Wisconsin has determined warrant additional protection from the effects of pollution. These designations are intended to meet federal Clean Water Act obligations requiring Wisconsin to adopt an 'antidegradation' policy that is designed to prevent any lowering of water quality - especially in those waters having significant ecological or cultural value.

Yes

Impaired Water

A water is polluted or 'impaired' if it does not support full use by humans, wildlife, fish and other aquatic life and it is shown that one or more of the pollutant criteria are not met.

Fish and Aquatic Life

Current Use

The use the water currently supports. This is not a designation or classification; it is based on the current condition of the water. Information in this column is not designed for, and should not be used for, regulatory purposes.

Supported Aquatic Life

Waters that support fish and aquatic life communities (healthy biological communities).

Attainable Use

The use that the investigator believes the water could achieve through managing "controllable" sources. Beaver dams, hydroelectric dams, low gradient streams, and naturally occurring low flows are generally not considered controllable. The attainable use may be the same as the current use or it may be higher.

Cold (Class I Trout)

Streams supporting a cold water sport fishery, or serving as a spawning area for salmonids and other cold water fish species through natural reproduction. Representative aquatic life communities, associated with these waters, generally require cold temperatures and concentrations of dissolved oxygen that remain above 6 mg/L. Since these waters are capable of supporting natural reproduction, a minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 7 mg/L is required during times of active spawning and support of early life stages of newly-hatched fish.

Designated Use

This is the water classification legally recognized by NR102 and NR104, Wis. Adm. Code. The classification determines water quality criteria and effluent limits. Waters obtain designated uses through classification procedures.

Cold

Streams capable of supporting a cold water sport fishery, or serving as a spawning area for salmonids and other cold water fish species. Representative aquatic life communities, associated with these waters, generally require cold temperatures and concentrations of dissolved oxygen that remain above 6 mg/L. Since these waters are capable of supporting natural reproduction, a minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 7 mg/L is required during times of active spawning and support of early life stages of newly-hatched fish.

Overview

Emmons Creek is a nine-mile, clear, hardwater, Class I brook and brown trout stream designated as an Outstanding Resource Water. The upper reaches are in the Emmons Creek State Fishery Area. Emmons Creek discharges to Long Lake in the Chain O' Lakes.

From: Bougie, Cheryl A., Kosmond, Lisa D, and Watermolen, Dreux J. 1996. Wolf River Basin Water Quality Management Plan. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI.

Date 1996

Author Cheryl Bougie

Emmons Creek, Waupaca River Watershed (WR05) Fish and Aquatic Life

Emmons Creek, Waupaca River Watershed (WR05) Recreation

Emmons Creek, Waupaca River Watershed (WR05) Fish Consumption

General Condition

Emmons Creek was assessed during the 2018 listing cycle; new biological (fish Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) scores) and temperature sample data were clearly below the 2018 WisCALM listing thresholds for the Fish and Aquatic Life use. This water was meeting this designated use and was not considered impaired.

Date 2017

Author Ashley Beranek

Condition

Wisconsin has over 84,000 miles of streams, 15,000 lakes and milllions of acres of wetlands. Assessing the condition of this vast amount of water is challenging. The state's water monitoring program uses a media-based, cross-program approach to analyze water condition. An updated monitoring strategy (2015-2020) is now available. Compliance with Clean Water Act fishable, swimmable standards are located in the Executive Summary of Water Condition in 2018. See also the 'monitoring and projects' tab.

Reports

Emmons Creek, Emmons Creek Upstream Of Rural Rd, Wadeable Macroinvertebrate Field Form

2020 Comprehensive WQ Assessments

Emmons Creek, Emmons Creek - Experimental Reach Near Stratton Lake Rd, Wadeable Macroinvertebrate Field Form

2018 List of Healthy (Category 2) Waters

Emmons Creek, Emmons Creek - Experimental Reach Near Stratton Lake Rd, Wadeable Macroinvertebrate Field Form

Comprehensive 2018 River/Stream Water Quality Assessments

2016 Total Phosphorus Monitoring Report - Emmons Creek - West Rd

Emmons Creek, Emmons Creek - West Rd., Wadeable Macroinvertebrate Field Form

Surface Water Quality Appraisal of the Waupaca County portion of the Waupaca Tomorrow River Priority Watershed Project 1994

Emmons Creek, Waupaca Portage Counties, OERW Evaluation

Recommendations

Partnership Project

Golden Sands RC&D Council, Inc. in cooperation with the UW Oshkosh Biology and Microbiology Department proposes to: 1) conduct routine nutrient monitoring in Emmons Creek to determine if nutrient concentrations in the stream are increasing, decreasing, or remaining relatively stable through time, and 2) to establish a self-sustaining Friends of the Emmons Creek citizen-based conservation group.

Management Goals

Wisconsin's Water Quality Standards provide qualitative and quantitative goals for waters that are protective of Fishable, Swimmable conditions [Learn more]. Waters that do not meet water quality standards are considered impaired and restoration actions are planned and carried out until the water is once again fishable and swimmable

Management goals can include creation or implementation of a Total Maximum Daily Load analysis, a Nine Key Element Plan, or other restoration work, education and outreach and more. If specific recommendations exist for this water, they will be displayed below online.

Monitoring

Monitoring the condition of a river, stream, or lake includes gathering physical, chemical, biological, and habitat data. Comprehensive studies often gather all these parameters in great detail, while lighter assessment events will involve sampling physical, chemical and biological data such as macroinvertebrates. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish communities integrate watershed or catchment condition, providing great insight into overall ecosystem health. Chemical and habitat parameters tell researchers more about human induced problems including contaminated runoff, point source dischargers, or habitat issues that foster or limit the potential of aquatic communities to thrive in a given area. Wisconsin's Water Monitoring Strategy was recenty updated.

Grants and Management Projects

Project Name (Click for Details)	Year Started
GOLDEN SANDS RC&D: Emmons Creek Watershed Initiative	2006

Monitoring Projects

WBIC	Official Waterbody Name	Station ID	Station Name	Earliest Fieldwork Date	Latest Fieldwork Date	View Station	View Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10042765	Emmons Creek at Craig Property			Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10039625	Emmons Creek below the dam	5/29/2011	8/27/2024	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10022372	Emmons Creek Upstream Of Rural Rd	5/18/2011	10/24/2019	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10054639	Emmons Creek Spring 3	8/12/2020	8/12/2020	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	693116	Emmons Creek at Rural Road	6/4/1980	9/10/2024	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10022518	Emmons Creek - West Rd.	7/6/2009	12/7/2023	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10041607	Emmons Creek 50m DS Emmons Creek Road	1/24/2014	1/24/2014	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10013626	Emmons Creek (Stratton Lake Rd)	7/29/2020	7/29/2020	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10054635	Emmons Creek Spring 1	7/1/2020	7/1/2020	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10049342	Emmons Creek - Experimental Reach Near Stratton Lake Rd	10/24/2017	5/21/2019	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10054641	Emmons Creek Spring 4	8/12/2020	9/2/2020	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10054648	Emmons Creek Spring 7	9/2/2020	9/2/2020	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	693123	Emmons Creek at 1st Town Rd Above Long Lake	5/30/1978	9/25/1978	Map	Data
261300	Emmons Creek	10054638	Emmons Creek Spring 2	8/12/2020	8/12/2020	Map	Data

Watershed Characteristics

Emmons Creek is located in the Waupaca River watershed which is 290.77 mi². Land use in the watershed is primarily forest (43.70%), agricultural (30.40%) and a mix of grassland (14%) and other uses (11.80%). This watershed has 231.34 stream miles, 2,456.10 lake acres and 14,124.68 wetland acres.

Nonpoint Source Characteristics

This watershed is ranked Medium for runoff impacts on streams, Not Ranked for runoff impacts on lakes and High for runoff impacts on groundwater and therefore has an overall rank of High. This value can be used in ranking the watershed or individual waterbodies for grant funding under state and county programs.However, all waters are affected by diffuse pollutant sources regardless of initial water quality. Applications for specific runoff projects under state or county grant programs may be pursued. For more information, go to surface water program grants.

Natural Community

Emmons Creek is considered a Coldwater under the state's Natural Community Determinations.

Natural communities (stream and lake natural communities) represent model results and DNR staff valiation processes that confirm or update predicted conditions based on flow and temperature modeling from historic and current landscape features and related variables. Predicated flow and temperatures for waters are associated predicated fish assemblages (communities). Biologists evaluate the model results against current survey data to determine if the modeled results are corect and whether biological indicators show water quaity degradation. This analysis is a core component of the state's resource management framework. Wisconsin's Riverine Natural Communities.

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